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发表于 2012-11-13 14:26
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从前言开始慢慢看
Introduction
Prevention and treatment of unhealthy sleep habits in infants and young children are important because if they are uncorrected, they will persist. There is no automatic correction. Children do not simply outgrow these problems. (xvii)
预防和处理婴幼儿不健康的睡眠习惯是非常重要的。因为这种习惯不会随着孩子的长大自动改正，他们会保持错误的习惯。
We know the process of falling asleep and staying asleep is learned behaviour … Difficulties in learning how to sleep occur when parents do not respect and protect the child’s natural, periodic need to sleep. This book will provide a guide to help coach you to catch the rising wave of sleepiness before the child crashes into an overtired state. Making children cry is not the way to help them learn to sleep. (xxi)
我们知道入睡和保持睡眠状态时一种学习行为。学习如何入睡的困难在于，父母不会尊重和保护孩子的自然的，周期性的睡眠。这本书的目的在于指导你如何掌握孩子的睡眠曲线以免孩子进入过度疲劳状态而崩溃。而让孩子哭不是让孩子学会如何睡眠的正确方法。
Overtired children are fatigued, and the body’s natural response is to fight the fatigue by producing a stimulating chemical. … That’s why overtired children appear “wired”, unable to fall asleep easily or stay asleep. But why the crying? First, severe fatigue can be painful. Second, changing established habits is very disturbing. (xviii)
过度疲劳的孩子是疲乏的，而孩子对抗疲乏的天性是产生一种刺激性的激素。这就是为什么过度疲劳的孩子表现的很奇怪，很难入睡或者一直醒着。但是，他们为什么会哭？首先，极度的疲劳会引起疼痛，其次，改变建立的习惯是非常令人不安的。
The overtired infant is less likely to soothe himself to sleep and becomes more dependant on parents to be soothed to sleep. (xxiv)
过度疲劳的婴儿很难自己入睡，而不得不依靠父母的抚慰入睡。
If you think your child is not sleeping well and if you disagree with the suggestions in this book, then ask yourself how long you should wait for improvement to occur. (8)
如果你认为你的孩子睡得不好而且你又不同意本书的看法，那么问问自己你要等待多久才能等待它自行改进？
What is the desired behaviour you want from your child? What is the desired outcome? What would you like to see happen? Both parents need to agree on what the goal is and how to achieve it before beginning a treatment plan. (xxx)
你期望你的孩子有什么样的表现？这样表现的结果是什么？你希望发生什么？父母双方需要在计划实施以前在目标和方法上达成一致。
A SIMPLE FOUR-STEP PLAN TO PREVENT SLEEP PROBLEMS
一个简单的四步计划来预防睡眠问题
[Note the gradual shift from minimising all crying to contingent response, based on developmental stage. Prompt response to all infant distress is recommended for the first 4 months. LM]【注意要根据发展阶段逐渐的从减少哭泣到有条件的回应慢慢转移。建议对头四个月的所有婴儿的不适快速的回应】
1. Weeks 1 through 4: Your baby becomes less portable and more sensitive to being stimulated. Attempt to put your child to sleep in a reasonably dark and quiet place within one to two hours of wakefulness. Do whatever works to maximise sleep and minimise crying. If possible, put your baby down when she is drowsy but awake. Both parents should be involved in soothing and putting the baby to sleep.
1-4周：婴儿不像之前那么好带，开始对外界刺激更加敏感。尝试在婴儿清醒1-2小时之后把婴儿放在一个适当黑暗和安静的环境里让他入睡。尽所有的力量让婴儿睡得更多哭的更少。如果可能，当婴儿快要睡着的时候把他放下。父母双方都应该参与抚慰婴儿和哄他入睡。
2. Weeks 4 through 8: Focus on the one- to two-hour limit of wakefulness during the day, but plan to deal with the increasing fussiness and wakefulness, especially in the evening at six weeks. Parents should anticipate peak fussiness and wakefulness in the evening: therefore, the working parent should plan to come home from work early or take a few days off when the baby is around six weeks old. Get as much help in the evening as you can. Remember that putting your baby down when she’s drowsy but awake might work during the day but not in the evening. That’s okay. Again, do whatever works to maximise sleep and minimise crying.
4-8周：尽量不要让婴儿清醒超过1-2小时，但是准备好婴儿变得更加易怒和易醒，尤其在六周以后的晚上。父母应该预料到婴儿在晚上最易怒和易醒：因此，工作的父母应该计划好当婴儿6周大的时候早些回家或者请假在家。在晚上的时候尽量帮助。别忘了，即使在白天当婴儿快要入睡时也要把他放下，而不仅仅是在夜间。同时，尽最大努力让婴儿睡得更多，哭的更少。
3. Weeks 8 through 12: Remember the one- to two-hour rule during the day. Watch for drowsy signs at night. Move the bedtime earlier, around 6:00 to 7:00pm.
8-12周： 记住白天的1-2小时规则。观察婴儿夜间快要入睡的征兆。把入睡时间提前到晚上6点到7点。
4. Weeks 12 through 16: First, organise your schedule to fit in a morning nap around 9:00am for your baby. Second, organise your schedule to have your baby take a second midday nap around 1:00pm. A third nap in the afternoon is more variable. (xxiv-xxv)
12-16周：首先，调整你的时间表来适应宝宝早上9点的小睡。其次，调整时间让宝宝在中午1点左右第二次小睡。下午的第三次小睡时间更加灵活。
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发表于 2012-11-13 14:23
